I. What is the basic information of refrigerant R134A?

Physical and chemical properties:

At 25℃, the density of saturated liquid is 1.207g/cm³, and the specific heat of liquid is 1.51KJ/(Kg · ℃). This feature enables R134A to efficiently absorb and release heat during the refrigeration cycle, achieving a stable cooling effect.

Its solubility in water (25℃) is 0.15%, and its critical density is 0.512g/cm3. These parameters are crucial to the design and operation of refrigeration systems and affect the efficiency and stability of the system.

The evaporation potential at boiling point is 215 kJ/kg, which means that during the phase transition, R134A is able to absorb a large amount of heat, thus achieving the purpose of refrigeration.

Quality index:

The purity requirement of R134A is extremely high, ≥ 99.9%, which ensures its high efficiency and stability in refrigeration and other applications.

Moisture content is strictly controlled at PPm≤ 0.0010, acidity PPm≤ 0.00001, evaporation residue PPm≤ 0.01. These low impurities ensure that R134A will not cause corrosion to the equipment and extend the service life of the equipment.

Environmental indicators:

The ozone destruction potential (ODP) is 0, which makes R134A an environmentally friendly refrigerant that does not cause damage to the ozone layer.

The Global warming coefficient value (GWP) is 1430, and although its GWP value is not zero, R134A has a significant advantage in reducing greenhouse gas emissions compared to some other conventional refrigerants.

II.What is the basic information of refrigerant R134A?

Excellent environmental protection: R134A belongs to HFC substances, does not destroy the ozone layer at all, in line with the global environmental protection trend, is the current environmental protection refrigerant recognized and recommended by the vast majority of countries in the world. This feature has led to the widespread use of R134A worldwide as a preferred alternative to traditional ozone-destroying refrigerants.

Excellent safety performance: non-flammable, non-explosive, non-toxic, non-irritating, non-corrosive, which makes R134A more safe and reliable in the process of production, storage and use, reducing potential safety risks.

Close to R12 refrigeration performance: its cooling capacity and efficiency are very close to R-12, so it is regarded as an excellent long-term replacement refrigerant. On the premise of not changing the main structure of the refrigeration system, R134A can successfully replace R12 and achieve efficient refrigeration.

What are the multiple application areas of R134A?

Refrigeration equipment field:

Automotive air conditioning:As the most commonly used refrigerant in automotive air conditioning systems at present, R134A can maintain good cooling effect in high temperature environment, cooling capacity and efficiency are similar to the previously commonly used R12, but more environmentally friendly. The R134A provides a comfortable temperature environment in the car, whether it is in the hot summer or the cold winter.

Household refrigerators and freezers: Many household refrigerators and freezers use R134A as a refrigerant, which enables efficient refrigeration, helps to keep food fresh and frozen, while not damaging the ozone layer and meeting environmental requirements. Home users can use R134A-cooled refrigerators and freezers without worrying about the adverse impact on the environment.

Central air conditioning: It is also used in the central air conditioning system of some large buildings to meet the cooling needs of large areas of space. Whether it is a commercial center, office building or large hotel, R134A can provide stable cooling service for these places.

Dehumidifier: The purpose of dehumidification is to remove moisture from the air through refrigeration cycle. The characteristics of R134A make it work effectively in dehumidifier. In humid environments, the R134A cooled dehumidifier can quickly reduce air humidity and improve indoor comfort.

Cold storage and commercial refrigeration: such as supermarket freezing and refrigeration equipment, cold storage, R134A can provide a stable low temperature environment, to ensure the safety of food, medicine and other storage. In cold chain logistics, R134A is an important factor to ensure the quality of goods.

Ice water machine and ice cream machine: can quickly cool, make ice water and ice cream to meet the requirements. During the hot summer months, R134A chilled water and ice cream machines bring cool and sweet.

Other Areas:

Aerosol propellant: can be used in some aerosol products, such as hair spray, air freshener, etc., propellant spray. The eco-friendly and safety features of R134A make it an ideal propellant for aerosol products.

Medical aerosol: in the field of medicine, as the propellant of medical aerosol, it helps drugs to be sprayed out in the form of mist and is convenient for patients to inhale and treat. In the treatment of respiratory diseases, R134A cooled medical aerosols can deliver drugs to patients' lungs with precision.

Insecticide projectors: Used in insecticidal aerosols to enable the insecticide to be sprayed evenly over the target area. R134A can ensure the efficient use of insecticide aerosols and protect people from pest infestation.

Polymer (plastic) PHYSICAL foaming agent: in the process of plastic production, it can be used as a physical foaming agent to form a porous structure of plastic, reduce weight, and improve heat insulation, sound insulation and other properties. In building insulation materials and packaging materials, R134A refrigeration physical foaming agent is widely used.

Magnesium alloy shielding gas: it can be used as shielding gas to prevent the oxidation of magnesium alloy at high temperature during the processing and production of magnesium alloy. In areas such as aerospace and automotive manufacturing, the protective gas of R134A refrigeration is essential to improve the quality and properties of magnesium alloys.

 What are the precautions for refrigerant R134A Marine transportation?

Preparation of transport documents:

Accurately fill in the booking power of attorney: the shipper shall provide accurate information of himself and the consignee in detail, and clearly describe the gross weight and net weight of a single piece of goods, as well as the form of packaging, the number of inner packaging pieces and other contents. As the export booking of dangerous goods needs to be made ten days in advance, and the booking data can not be changed once confirmed, it is necessary to ensure that the information is accurate.

Provide professional English MSDS: chemical safety technical manual, shipowner will focus on physical and chemical characteristics and transportation items and other key contents in the audit, so as to clarify the key operation points in the transportation process.

Strictly prepare the pot inspection (cylinder certificate) : the pot inspection includes the performance list and the use certificate. Among them, the performance list can usually be provided by the formal packaging manufacturer, while the use certificate needs to be applied to the local commodity inspection bureau of the factory with imi identification and performance list. It is worth noting that the shipping export must provide the original pot inspection, if it is missing, it cannot be exported, and it must be submitted to the shipowner for review 10 working days in advance.

Prepare other declaration materials: declaration materials also include declaration form, declaration power of attorney, packing list, invoice and declaration elements. The declaration elements include brand type, export benefits, use, brand, model, GTIN, CAS, etc.

Packaging and labeling requirements:

Reasonable choice of packaging: if the refrigerant R134A gas is directly packed in the cylinder, with the cylinder as the outer packaging, it is necessary to provide the cylinder certificate, that is, the pot inspection certificate; If the gas is first packed in a cylinder and then the cylinder is packed in a carton, a dangerous bag certificate or a limit certificate can be issued in this case, but the limit certificate has specific requirements for small bags. In short, the packaging must have the ability to prevent the refrigerant from leaking or being damaged during transportation.

Accurate labeling: Important information such as product name, United Nations number (UN3159), hazard category (2.2) and warning mark should be clearly and conspicuously marked on the packaging, so that it can be accurately identified and properly handled in all links of transportation.

Notes during transportation:

Determine the appropriate mode of transportation: Refrigerant R134A belongs to Class 2.2 dangerous goods, which generally needs to be shipped in FCL. There is no LCL service on the market at present, and it needs to be shipped directly on the side of the ship.

Pay close attention to transportation conditions: the transportation temperature, humidity, vibration and other requirements of refrigerant R134A must be clarified, and special measures must be strictly taken. In the whole process of transportation, the relevant regulations on the transportation of dangerous goods should be strictly observed to ensure the safe transportation of goods.

Orderly arrangement of port entry and customs declaration: arrange packing matters according to the cut-off time of danger declaration. After the completion of danger declaration, the declarator will pull out the electronic yellow sheet on the same day. With the electronic yellow couplet, the fleet can arrange an entry plan, and then arrange customs declaration and entry after the plan is accepted. It should be noted that the wharf acceptance time of Class 2 dangerous goods is usually late, but there is no need to worry that the cabinets will be dumped by the shipping company after entering the port late, because the dangerous goods cannot be missed, and the shipping company will not easily abandon the cabinets of dangerous goods.

Preparation of emergency measures

 In order to prevent the accident from happening before it happens, emergency treatment plans for leakage, fire and other emergency situations must be formulated in advance to ensure that the development of the situation can be controlled quickly and effectively when the accident occurs, and the loss and harm can be reduced to the greatest extent.

Refrigerant R134A plays an important role in modern industry and daily life, and its unique properties and wide range of applications make it an indispensable material. At the same time, in the process of sea transportation, strict compliance with the relevant regulations and precautions is the key to ensure the safe transportation of R134A.